Modified WHO classification
Select the best-fitting condition/category
-- Select --
mWHO I — Very low risk
mWHO II — Low to moderate risk
mWHO II–III — Intermediate risk
mWHO III — High risk
mWHO IV — Pregnancy contraindicated
mWHO I
Very low risk
Small/mild pulmonary stenosis
Patent ductus arteriosus
Mitral valve prolapse
Successfully repaired simple lesions: ASD, VSD, PDA, anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
Isolated atrial or ventricular ectopic beats
mWHO II
Low to moderate risk
Unoperated ASD or VSD
Repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Most arrhythmias
Turner syndrome without aortic dilation
mWHO II–III
Intermediate risk
Mild left ventricular impairment
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Native or tissue valvular disease not mWHO I or IV
Marfan or other heritable thoracic aortic disease without aortic dilation
Aorta <45 mm in bicuspid aortic valve
Repaired coarctation
Atrioventricular septal defect
mWHO III
High risk
Mechanical valve
Systemic right ventricle
Fontan circulation
Unrepaired cyanotic heart disease
Other complex congenital heart disease
Moderate left ventricular impairment
Previous peripartum cardiomyopathy without residual LV impairment
Selected aortic dilation thresholds
Ventricular tachycardia
mWHO IV
Pregnancy contraindicated
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Severe systemic ventricular dysfunction
Previous peripartum cardiomyopathy with residual LV impairment
Severe mitral stenosis
Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis
Severe coarctation
High-risk aortic dilation
Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
mWHO details will appear here.
Select a category above or from the dropdown to see diagnosis examples and risk interpretation.
Because mWHO is lesion-based, this form intentionally asks the clinician to choose the category rather than auto-classifying from incomplete data.
